pAspergillosis in a colony of Humboldt penguins ( Spheniscus humboldti ) under managed care: a clinical and environmental investigation in a French zoological park - Centre d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100 Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Medical Mycology Année : 2022

pAspergillosis in a colony of Humboldt penguins ( Spheniscus humboldti ) under managed care: a clinical and environmental investigation in a French zoological park

Milan Thorel
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Abstract Aspergillosis is pervasive in bird populations, especially those under human care. Its management can be critically impacted by exposure to high levels of conidia and by resistance to azole drugs. The fungal contamination in the environment of a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) group, housed in a French zoological park next to numerous large crop fields, was assessed through three serial sessions of surface sampling in nests, in 2018-20: all isolates were counted and characterized by sequencing. When identified as A. fumigatus, they were systematically screened for resistance mutations in the cyp51A gene and tested for MICs determination. In the same time, the clinical incidence of aspergillosis was evaluated in the penguin population by the means of systematic necropsy and mycological investigations. A microsatellite-based analysis tracked the circulation of A. fumigatus strains. Environmental investigations highlighted substantial increase of the fungal load during the summer season (>12-fold vs. the other timepoints) and large overrepresentation of species belonging to the Aspergillus section Fumigati, ranging from 22.7 to 94.6% relative prevalence. Only one cryptic species was detected (A. nishimurae), and one isolate exhibited G138S resistance mutation with elevated MICs. The overall incidence of aspergillosis was measured at ∼3.4% case-years, and mostly in juveniles. The analysis of microsatellite polymorphism revealed a high level of genetic diversity among A. fumigatus clinical isolates. In contrast, one environmental strain appeared largely overrepresented during the summer sampling session. In all, the rural location of the zoo did not influence the emergence of resistant strains.
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Dates et versions

hal-03699858 , version 1 (20-06-2022)

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Estelle Cateau, Antoine Leclerc, Noémie Cartier, Isabel Valsechi, Éric Bailly, et al.. pAspergillosis in a colony of Humboldt penguins ( Spheniscus humboldti ) under managed care: a clinical and environmental investigation in a French zoological park. Medical Mycology, 2022, 60 (7), pp.myac046. ⟨10.1093/mmy/myac046⟩. ⟨hal-03699858⟩
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