Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets Année : 2025

Collection and In Situ Analyses of Regolith Samples by the Mars 2020 Rover: Implications for Their Formation and Alteration History

1 WGU Nevada - University of Nevada [Las Vegas]
2 CU - Cornell University [Ithaca]
3 IRAP - Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie
4 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
5 University of Washington [Seattle]
6 Brock University [Canada]
7 Texas A&M University [College Station]
8 LPI - Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston]
9 Caltech Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
10 UPV / EHU - Universidad del País Vasco [Espainia] / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [España] = University of the Basque Country [Spain] = Université du pays basque [Espagne]
11 JHU - Johns Hopkins University
12 UCLA - University of California [Los Angeles]
13 Universität Wien = University of Vienna
14 Purdue University [West Lafayette]
15 ASU - Arizona State University [Tempe]
16 West Virginia University [Morgantown]
17 MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
18 University of Winnipeg
19 UC - University of Cincinnati
20 OAA - INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri
21 LIRA - Laboratoire d’Instrumentation et de Recherche en Astrophysique
22 Planétologie
23 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics
24 Astrogeology Science Center [Flagstaff]
25 JSC - NASA Johnson Space Center
26 IGEO - Instituto de Geociencias [Madrid]
27 University of Colorado [Boulder]
28 IAS - Institut d'astrophysique spatiale
29 Imperial College London
30 UH - University of Hawai'i [Honolulu]
31 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
32 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
33 BMSIS - Blue Marble Space Institute of Science
34 LANL - Los Alamos National Laboratory
E M Hausrath
Y. Goreva
M P Zorzano
A. Vaughan
S. Siljeström
S K Sharma
A O Shumway
S J Vanbommel
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. Knight
A. Vicente-Retortillo
C T Adcock
J M Madariaga
  • Fonction : Auteur
J R Johnson
J. Lasue
  • Fonction : Auteur
O. Gasnault
N. Randazzo
E L Cardarelli
R. Kronyak
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. Bechtold
G. Paar
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. Udry
O. Forni
C C Bedford
N A Carman
  • Fonction : Auteur
J F Bell
K. Benison
A. Brown
A. Broz
F. Calef
B C Clark
E. Cloutis
A D Czaja
T. Fornaro
M. Golombek
F. Gómez
C D K Herd
  • Fonction : Auteur
K. Herkenhoff
R S Jakubek
L. Jandura
  • Fonction : Auteur
J. Martinez-Frias
P.‐y. Meslin
C E Newman
J I Núñez
  • Fonction : Auteur
F. Poulet
C. Royer
  • Fonction : Auteur
P. Russell
D. Shuster
J I Simon
I. Tirona
  • Fonction : Auteur
R C Wiens
B P Weiss
A J Williams
K. Williford

Résumé

Abstract inactive megaripple surface, and fine‐grained material from the surface and to a depth of ∼4–6 cm. Some of the mm‐size grains lack a coherent diffraction pattern measured by PIXL, consistent with the presence of poorly ordered secondary phases that have been altered. Analysis of these materials on Earth will allow examination of materials that have experienced aqueous, potentially habitable environments that could contain biosignatures. Fluorescence of three different patterns was detected, consistent with inorganic emissions from silica defects or rare earth elements in certain mineral phases, although organic origin cannot be excluded. Analysis of Autofocus Context Imager and Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and eNgineering images of the subsurface material and MEDA thermal inertia measurements indicate average grain sizes of ∼125 and ∼150 μm, respectively, for the bulk material within the megaripple. The fine‐grained material in the sampling location indicates chemical compositions similar to previously proposed global components as well as airfall dust. In situ and associated atmospheric measurements provide evidence of recent processes likely including water vapor in soil crust formation. The sampled material will therefore help elucidate the formation of Martian soils; current surface‐atmosphere interactions; the composition, shape, and size distribution of dust grains valuable for studies of past and present Martian climate and for assessing potential health and other risks to human missions; and ancient, aqueously altered environments that could have been habitable, and, if Mars contained life, possibly contain biosignatures.
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Dates et versions

hal-04933674 , version 1 (06-02-2025)

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E M Hausrath, R. Sullivan, Y. Goreva, M P Zorzano, A. Vaughan, et al.. Collection and In Situ Analyses of Regolith Samples by the Mars 2020 Rover: Implications for Their Formation and Alteration History. Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets, 2025, 130 (2), ⟨10.1029/2023JE008046⟩. ⟨hal-04933674⟩
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