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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2013

Electromagnetic superconductivity of vacuum induced by strong magnetic field

Résumé

The quantum vacuum may become an electromagnetic superconductor in the presence of a strong external magnetic field of the order of 10^{16} Tesla. The magnetic field of the required strength (and even stronger) is expected to be generated for a short time in ultraperipheral collisions of heavy ions at the Large Hadron Collider. The superconducting properties of the new phase appear as a result of a magnetic-field-assisted condensation of quark-antiquark pairs with quantum numbers of electrically charged rho mesons. We discuss similarities and differences between the suggested superconducting state of the quantum vacuum, a conventional superconductivity and the Schwinger pair creation. We argue qualitatively and quantitatively why the superconducting state should be a natural ground state of the vacuum at the sufficiently strong magnetic field. We demonstrate the existence of the superconducting phase using both the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and an effective bosonic model based on the vector meson dominance (the rho-meson electrodynamics). We discuss various properties of the new phase such as absence of the Meissner effect, anisotropy of superconductivity, spatial inhomogeneity of ground state, emergence of a neutral superfluid component in the ground state and presence of new topological vortices in the quark-antiquark condensates.

Dates et versions

hal-00726527 , version 1 (30-08-2012)

Identifiants

Citer

Maxim N. Chernodub. Electromagnetic superconductivity of vacuum induced by strong magnetic field. Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter in magnetic fields" (Springer), 871, , 2013, 978-3-642-37304-6. ⟨10.1007/978-3-642-37305-3_6⟩. ⟨hal-00726527⟩
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